Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Educating High School Students About The Importance Of Contraceptives Research Paper

Teaching High School Students About The Importance Of Contraceptives - Research Paper Example Giving sexual instruction to secondary school understudies on the critical of utilizing contraceptives is pivotal in light of the fact that it is one method of keeping up their wellbeing. The soundness of understudies is basic since it will empower understudies to concentrate well in schools with no wellbeing confusions. Prior pregnancy to understudies may prompt wellbeing dangers particularly to youthful moms. The exploration study demonstrates that a lady should begin conceiving an offspring in any event when she is over 18 years of age, however around 15 million youngsters bear kids when they have not yet arrived at the necessary kid bearing age. This represents a wellbeing dangers to them, and the hazard to more youthful moms is higher than the hazard to the mother over 25 to 25 years. For instance, the maternal death rate for young people between 13 to 16 years old is multiple times higher than females in their prior or late twenties. Conveying and instructing secondary school u nderstudies on the huge of contraceptives will diminish the explicitly transmitted illnesses, for example, HIV/AIDS and different maladies. Sexually transmitted diseases present risky dangers prominently to explicitly dynamic understudies. The majority of the secondary school understudies are explicitly dynamic as a result of physical changes and companion bunch impacts from their companions. A considerable lot of them don't comprehend the critical and the method of shielding themselves from undesirable pregnancies and STDs. Numerous social orders are disapprove of issues of pre-marriage sex; accordingly most secondary school understudies may feel embarrassed or humiliated on the off chance that they put forth attempts of looking for help about the utilization of contraceptives. Accordingly, expanding mindfulness through instructing understudies on the huge of wellbeing regenerative and HIV/AIDS counteraction is significant (Hartman, Monasterio, and Hwang (233). For example, the sch ool my present this projects as school educational plan or give mass training exercises at any rate once in a month to all understudies. This is crucial in light of the fact that it will bring issues to light and empower understudies to take part in safe sex. Sex instruction on the utilization of contraceptives is one path through which understudies become mindful of the issues related with undesirable pregnancies and STDs. Circulating contraceptives, for example, condoms and teaching understudies on having safe sex is crucial. This is on the grounds that it will empower understudies to settle on sound sexual choices. Numerous guardians overlook to offer direction and guiding or show their adolescents on the significance of utilizing contraceptives as a result of dread and accept that they will urge sexual practices to their kids (Bruess and Jerrold 314). In any case, teaching young people on the significance of having safe sex is basic since secondary schools understudies definitel y think about sex. For example, the expanded mechanical headway particularly media and Internet have presented numerous young people to different sexual practices. In this way, they have a deep understanding of sex;

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Disaparity economics Who is the top 1% of the income and where do they Essay

Disaparity financial aspects Who is the top 1% of the pay and where do they live - Essay Example Uniqueness financial matters is affected by numerous components like globalization, world of politics, and social changes. In America, it is asserted that globalization made â€Å"money go really crazy† (Peterson, refered to in Freeland). The way of life of the most extravagant is a long ways from that of poor people. The most extravagant are the globetrotters who never remain in the nation for long. They realize remote places better than they do puts in their own nation. They invest more energy with carrier airline stewards than with their families. The vast majority of these most extravagant individuals are businesspeople. An investigate the lives and societies of these individuals causes a typical individual to evaluate how diversely they live their lives than a working class individual who needs to manage such a large number of frailties throughout everyday life. For instance, the business advertise is so eccentric in light of the fact that the financial state of the nation has made cutbacks so regular now wherever in the US. All the capital increases continue moving toward that 1 percent which as of now has enough of these additions. The outcome is that different classes, particularly the middles class, is radically looted off of its benefits. For instance, Freeland in her adroit book gives instances of Bill Gates and Warren Buffet to demonstrate how incredibly inconsistent the American culture has become. It is asserted that both these men together have a tight handle on as much riches as the other 120 million Americans at the base of the riches dispersion. Entryways and Buffet are two most significant names of the top 1% of the US society. Smorgasbord lives in Omaha in not an exceptionally lavish home. In any case, the structure of the house is extremely pleasant. He additionally simply sold an extravagant country estate situated in Laguna Beach. It is sheltered to state that he carries on with a truly agreeable way of life. Bill Gates lives in a huge house which took more than 7 years and 63 million dollars to construct alone. The manor is situated in Washington. There is each extravagance possible

Thursday, August 13, 2020

Giving when it counts

Giving when it counts Many years ago, when I worked as a volunteer at a hospital, I got to know a little girl named Liz who was suffering from a rare and serious disease. Her only chance of recovery appeared to be a blood transfusion from her 5-year-old brother, who had miraculously survived the same disease and had developed the antibodies needed to combat the illness. The doctor explained the situation to her little brother, and asked the little boy if he would be willing to give his blood to his sister. I saw him hesitate for only a moment before taking a deep breath and saying, Yes, Ill do it if it will save her.As the transfusion progressed, he lay in bed next to his sister and smiled, as we all did, seeing the color returning to her cheeks. Then his face grew pale and his smile faded. He looked up at the doctor and asked with a trembling voice, Will I start to die right away?.Being young, the little boy had misunderstood the doctor; he thought he was going to have to give his sister all of his blood in order to save her.

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Government Driven Economics And Its Effect On National...

Authoritarianism can coexist with liberal markets, and is in fact the best way to ensure the well being of the people of a country. In Iran, state driven economics have had a negative effect on our national economy, and a transition to a more market based economy is essential. This is evident from both culturalist and structuralist viewpoints. Culturalist theory assumes that the culture of a society holds the most power, and the society’s structure is critical. Ideology and ideas are most influential in persuading members to act. In Iran, we have a culture of deference to our leaders which mainly stems from the preeminence of Shia’ Islam. Shi’ism holds clerics in high esteem, as they are thought to be substitutes for the Twelfth Imam and are therefore capable of translating God’s word for his followers. Although this might appear to indicate that Iran is more culturally suited for a state led economy, the opposite is true. The leader of the Iranian Revolut ion, Ayatollah Khomeini, as well as the vast majority of clerics in Iran, espoused privatization and the importance of property rights. An adherence to their teachings, therefore, would require Iran to move away from state centered economics and embrace a liberal market. This would also support the ideals of the Islamic Revolution, which include equality, justice, and support for the oppressed. Liberal economics are the best way to ensure economic stability for all citizens of Iran, and so would fulfill this ideology.Show MoreRelatedTariff and Non-Tariff Barriers882 Words   |  4 PagesInternational Trade is the branch of economics concerned with the exchange of goods and services with foreign countries. In the context of globalization, International trade has become an even more important topic now that so many countries have begun to move from state-run to market-driven economies. Tariff and non-tariff barriers play a large part in this process. Tariff Barriers Tariffs are among the oldest forms of government economic intervention. They are most commonly used as taxes on importsRead MoreChina s Economic Growth Is Unstable, Unbalanced, Uncoordinated, And Unsustainable761 Words   |  4 PagesIn the National People’s Congress press conference in March 2007, China’s Premier Wen Jiabao argues the biggest problem with China’s economy is that its economic growth is unstable, unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable. Since export and investment play unsustainable roles in increasing China’s real GDP, this study tries to testify how consumption enhances the sustainability of China’s real GDP in the short run over a long period of time. As Krugman (1994) suggests, increase in the economicRead MoreInternational Perspective : South Korea1260 Words   |  6 Pages15, 1948 and a rapid growth of its economy transformed it into a highly advanced economy by 1995. Today, South Korea is the eighth largest country in i nternational trade and a regional power with among the largest defense budgets in the world. It is sometimes referred to as the â€Å"Republic of Great Han†. This paper seeks to explore the system of the country’s government, its political and socio-economic status and the implications thereof. It proposes socio-economic policies that have the potential toRead MoreGlobalization : What Is Globalization?871 Words   |  4 Pagessource was â€Å"Globalization 101† where they define globalization as the â€Å"process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology. This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well being in societies around the world.† (Globalization 101). As you can see from the aboveRead MoreHow Globalizati on Affects Developing Countries?1504 Words   |  7 Pagesinterests in different areas, taking advantage of market opportunities  and acquiring companies both horizontal and vertical in nature. Industrialized or developed nations are specific countries with a high level of economic development and meet certain socioeconomic criteria based on economic theory such as gross domestic product (GDP), industrialization and human development index (HDI) as defined by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the United Nations (UN) and the World Trade Organization (WTO)Read MorePolitical Factors That Affect International Business1020 Words   |  5 PagesOfficial trade barriers are endorsed by governments to safeguard domestic industries from import, they include tariffs which are taxes on imports to make local products competitive and quotas that limit the number of imports in a state. One leading political environment factor that hinders economy growth in many countries is corruption. This fraud leads to substantial revenue increases and touches all global organizations. Some companies pay bribes to government official which affect the level of competitivenessRead MoreThe Main Causes And Effects Of A Country s Economic Success?894 Words   |  4 PagesWhat are the main cause and effects of a country’s economic success? Finance and productivity are universal force driving economic. A country’s economic success is depending on how much they can raise their investments and productions. For some developing country, financial is the most essential while other developed countries which have enough money mostly focused on education and technology. However, government plan is a guideline leading countries to be success. This essay firstly examines causesRead MoreThe Adaptation Of The National Banking Act Was Due To The1427 Words   |  6 PagesThe adaptation of the national banking act was due to the American civil war between the northern and southern states. When the war started in April of 1861, the federal government had no idea that it would last as long as it did, nor did they think that it would cost as much as it did. Soon after the war started, the federal Government realized that it needed a huge flow of cash if they wanted to defeat the south. The government then tried all applicable me ans of generating money to pay for theRead MoreEssay on Australian Economic Issues1421 Words   |  6 PagesEconomic Growth Measurement Economic growth refers to an increase in an economy’s productive capacity, as measured by changes in its real GDP (adjusted for inflation), over a period of time. Growth may be measured quarterly, annually, or year on year (changes from one quarter to the corresponding quarter the following year). Annual growth is used to identify trends in the business cycle, while quarterly growth provides an indication of the economy’s short-term direction, and year on year growthRead MoreHigh Efficiency Technology And Its Impact On Economic Development1407 Words   |  6 Pagesfund microloans, though in the future they could come from the governments of developed nations. They are given to low-income individuals, generally have low-income rates, and are often given to those who operated small-scale industries. They range from twenty dollars to tens of thousands of dollars, depending on the institution the loan comes from and its intended purpose. Microentrepreneurship is a key fact or in building economies from the small scale up. Environmentally, this prevents the large-scale

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

General Mills a History of Responsibility - 1083 Words

General Mills: A History Of Responsibility Officially taking the name in 1928, General Mills has become one of the largest food companies in the world. They own brands like Cheerios, Pillsbury, Yoplait, Green Giant, Betty Crocker, Old El Paso, Totino’s and Progresso. Since the creation of their corporation, General Mills have established themselves as a company that flourishes by being socially and economically responsible. Their mission is to lead by example, and by doing so hope to promote positive change. Unlike other large corporations, General Mills uses their profits to give back. They have a strong commitment to their community, environment, and their employees. The Community Since the beginning of the company in the†¦show more content†¦General Mills have received many awards and recognitions based on their commitment to valuing their employees. America’s Most Admired Companies, Fortune 100 Best Places to Work for GLBT Equality 100 Best Companies for Working Mothers, Working Mothers Magazine Best Places to Launch a Career, BusinessWeek General Mills believes that by providing their employees with wellness resources they will cut down on time lost and decrease medical spending. And for over 50 years, they have provided those resources. They focus on prevention and helping employees make good, healthy decisions. Today’s workforce would be a great deal healthier, more reliable, and would be more optimistic about their careers if they had these types of resources available to them. General Mills spend a great deal of money marketing these socially responsible efforts. On just about every box of cereal you pick up, you will see these marketing techniques. Every General Mills cereal boxes you see have content promoting healthy and physically active kids. They also do a great deal of marketing for non-profit organizations including the United Way. General Mills have shown a great deal of responsibility. Their efforts are unparallel to the vast majority of other companies. And, because General Mills is such a role model in the food industry, people respect them and continue to do business with them. Their responsibility efforts includeShow MoreRelatedModule 1 ACC501 Case1051 Words   |  5 Pagesand compare the financial statements of General Mills and the Meiji Holdings Company Limited, which are amongst the largest firms in the food industry. I will also talk about the accounting standards, the differences between both company’s annual statements an d the differences between Annual Reports, a 10-K and the Corporate Social Responsibility Report. General Mills and Meiji Holdings Company Limited utilizes different accounting standards. General Mills uses the Financial Accounting StandardsRead MoreEssay On The Loss Of Your Reputation1175 Words   |  5 Pagescould regain the lost trust. In regards, the company should come out and publicize to the customers that the previous decision has been done away with and that they have figured out the problem. Also, the company needs to engage in the social responsibility activities. This would be an effective way of shifting the minds of the customers from the previous mistake to the current activities. Customers love free items and or discounts. This would be an attempt to cover up the previous decision thatRead More2.1 The Birth Of Free Speech . It Is Difficult To Pinpoint1267 Words   |  6 Pagesfreedom and it is important to scientific understanding. The Declaration of the Rights of Man during the French Revolution in 1789 provided freedom of speech, and allowed liberty’s to speak, write and print, though these rights do come with responsibilities to safeguard against abuse. And also in 1791 the first Amendment of the US Bill of Rights in guaranteed freedoms of religion, speech, the press and the right to assemble. Freedom of speech is the concept of the inherent human rights to voiceRead MoreChief Lieutenant Essay1661 Words   |  7 Pagesduties and responsibilities of social and civic life.[3] Rich in detail, insight, and thoughtful speculation, Jacksons volume insists that Banks and Mound Bayou are worthy subjects in their own right. A Chief Lieutenant is organized thematically, with the first two chapters covering the early life of Charles Banks and the history of Mound Bayou. Banks, born in 1873, attended Rusk University between 1887 and 1890. After serving as a federal census enumerator, Banks opened a general merchandiseRead MoreWhat is the best argument for freedom of speech?1492 Words   |  6 Pagesneeds to have its limits. Two of the masterminds who put forth their work on liberty and freedom of speech were John Stuart Mill and Jean-Jacque Rousseau. The concepts penned by Rousseau contradict those that were constructed by Mil; while the former focused on the functioning of the society as a whole, the latter advocated the rights of the individual to his freedom. Mill basically argument in his piece ‘On LibertyÂ’ allows for Utilitarian approach. His main idea was to give society and human natureRead MoreTaylor Halls Timber Business1630 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscussion will address various leadership concepts that are part of the organization and the role they play in the success and failure of the business. The phrase, a good leader, comes about due to exemplary traits showcased by those in positions of responsibility. The issue is evident in the organization given the way Hall associates with his subjects. When one talks about a perfect leader, many things usually come to mind. 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Charles Mills, a race-conscious philosopher uses the idea of the â€Å"Social Contract† to argue that racially structured discrimination is a norm rather than a deviation from the ideal of a race neutral and color blind society. Mills also describes the â€Å"Racial Contract† as a formal and informal agreement, meta-agreements betweenRead MoreThe Importance Of Autocratic And Transformational Leadership Styles1736 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent in their directorial approach; different leaders have different goals, abilities and techniques to achieve effectiveness. This paper will breakdown Andrew Carnegies road to becoming one of the richest and most generous individuals throughout history. This paper will validate that his autocratic and transformational leadership styles, personality and abilities are responsible for his success and legacy in the 20th century. Charles R. Morris stated What we think of as the modern American economyRead MoreAnalyzing Anthropocentris m Ethic : A Case Study Of Climate Change1209 Words   |  5 Pagesof us, our activities such as industry production, over cutting, variety of pollution make our mother planet- the earth changed sharply in such a short period (Markham, 2009). The philosophy of anthropocentrism guides people’s mind within a long history, especially become a consensus after industrialization period. In the anthropocene, the human beings are more likely to be treated as the subject of nature, and force nature to get the raw material for the survival and development of human society

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Problem-Solving Essay Free Essays

Today the world has many issues, like hopelessness, prejudice, and selfish desires. The definition of the word moral is; concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior and the goodness or badness of human character. In the world today there are few moral standards; we have numerous evil influences and few holy and godly influences. We will write a custom essay sample on Problem-Solving Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now What does it mean to live honorably? It means that you respect yourself and others and live a life worth living. People have selfish desires to please themselves and not others. The Bible tells us in 1 Corinthians 15:33 do not be achieved: â€Å"Bad company ruins good morals. † The company we keep, the influences we are under, and the things we look at all directly affect our morals and ethics. Some of the things that affect us morally are, music movies, books, the Internet, the friends we have, and the relationship (or lack of) that we have with God. The way we treat others and ourselves is a huge part of our lives and the way we live them. We should strive to be like Jesus in all our endeavors. Matthew 5:48, you therefore must be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect. Some of the ways that we could help the world regain moral standards are, leading by example, helping out or volunteering, and evangelism. The example we set should be an important priority for us as Christians; we should be Christ-like at all times. We could also help out the less fortunate, volunteering at charities or donating money; we should do our parts as Chrism’s messengers in the world. The final thing we could do is evangelism, the spreading of Chrism’s word. The world Is a sinful place, and God will come soon and take his people from It. The morals that we have are vital to our character. You could live honorably by, asking questions, figuring out what leads you astray, and helping fix It. James 1:22-25, but be doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves. For If anyone Is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he Is like a man who looks Intently at his natural face In a mirror. For he looks at himself and goes away and at once forgets what he was like. But the one who looks Into the perfect law, the law of liberty, and perseveres, being no hearer who forgets but a doer who acts, he will be blessed In his doing. Problem-Solving Essay By Abernathy The world is a sinful place, and God will come soon and take his people from it. Asking questions, figuring out what leads you astray, and helping fix it. James 1:22-25, but be doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves. For if anyone is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like a man who looks intently at his natural face in a mirror. For he looks at himself and goes away and at once forgets what he was like. But the one who looks into the perfect law, the law of liberty, and perseveres, being no hearer who forgets but a doer who acts, he will be blessed. How to cite Problem-Solving Essay, Essays

Sunday, May 3, 2020

Food History of India

Question: Discuss about theFood History of India. Answer: Introduction Indian cuisine consists of a variety of traditional and modern dishes exclusively prepared in different local and urban areas of India. Depending on the culture, population type, climate and employment, the dishes vary with change in region (Fieldhouse 2013, p. 75). Religious choices also affect pattern in Indian cooking and the Indian cuisine is also influenced by Middle Eastern culture after the advent of Mughal rule. The history of the Indian biryani is also linked to the Mughal era. The purpose of the report is to provide the history of origin of the Indian food, meat biryani. It traces the diversity of Indian cuisine by observing the different recipes of the dish. It will help in analyzing the regional variation of the recipes and find common ingredients which are mainly used in preparing biryani in India. The main objective is to trace the history of each ingredients used while cooking the dish and the report discusses the cultural influences on the dish. History of Meat Biryani Biryani is a popular dish among the Indian subcontinent consisting of rich spices, meat and rice. Although it is regarded as a dish native to India, however the dish came to India after the Muslims invasion into India. The word Biryani itself is derived from Persian word called Birian. The Islamic Persians have also popularized the dish and inspired Indian people to include it in their cuisine. There is great controversy and argument regarding the history of the dish. Indian biryani is mostly regarded as a Mughlai cuisine as it was first cooked in the Mughal royal kitchen. After Muslims invasion into India such as coming of Afghans, Turks, Mughal and Persians, they indulged in rich foods and brought many dishes to India. The Mughals are regarded as the one who introduced biryani in India (Narayanan, 2015). However Paddock (2015, pp. 22-40) also argues that similar type of dish was present in India before the Mughals came to India. For example a rice dish called Oon Soru was regarded as similar to biryani as it also has similar ingredients like rice, meat, pepper and bay leaf. This dish was prepared for military warriors in the year 2 A.D. Famous historian Al-Beruni has also mentioned in his accounts description of dishes that are similar to the biryani. The history of biryani is also traced to the time of Turk-Mongol conqueror, Timur who brought a dish similar to the biryani in 1398. The dish was prepared specially for his army preparing for war. A mixture of rice, meat and spices were cooked in earthen pot after burying it in a hot pit. After it was cooked properly, the preparation was dug up and served to the soldiers. Historical stories also trace the origin of the dish to Shah Jahans queen, Mumtaz Mahals time during the year 1593-1631. The story goes that the queen once found the army soldiers under-nourished, and hence she ordered her chef to prepare a well-nourished dish. In this way, the biryani came into being (Ahmed 2012, pp. 95-103). The Nawabs and Diwans were also renowned for understanding the nuances of flavours and aromas of biryani. Their chefs prepared the biryani according to the Nawabs preference of dishes and it lead to popularization of biryani along with other delicacies like the mirchi ka salan and kawab. Nawab Wajid Ali Shah was the reason behind the creation of unique style of Calcutta biryani and it happened after the Nawab was deposed by British to Kolkata. The Nawabs ruling in small territories of Northern India also contributed to the introduction of regional style of Biryanis like Hyderabadi Biryani and the Arcot biryani (ALAM 2015). Different Recipes of the Dish India has a variety of dishes in its culinary list, however people mostly love to to indulge in biryani. With different states and different locations, the dish has evolved over the years and it is made in distinct styles according to food culture of different states. The strength of the biryani lies in its balance of spices and aromas to give a delicious dish which is a symbol of a strong Indian cuisine. The list of different recipes for biryani includes the following: Hyderabadi Biryani- This Biryani available in the streets of Hyderabad has its own authentic flavour and style of cooking. Hyderabadi Biryani came into origin during the governance of Asaf Jah I who was the governor of Deccan during Aurangebs rule. It is made with chicken or goats meat where the marinated with huge spices like and cooked with rice on slow fire to get an aromatic flavour (Anand 2012). Kolkata biryani- This biryani is inspired by the Lucknow style of cooking biryani. When the last Nawab of Awadh, Wajid Ali Shah was in exile in Kolkata in 1856, his personal chef cooked this dish for him. The distinction between Hyderabadi and Kolkata biryani is that Kolkatas biryani also has an additional ingredient of potatoes. Initially, poor people who could not afford meat cooked the biryani with potatoes instead of meat, however potato later became a speciality for biryani of Kolkata. The primary spices include cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg and cardamom mixed in yoghurt based preparation for meat. The rice is cooked separately with saffron aromas and the meat is added later after the rice is cooked which gives it a distinct local flavor ("Ten Delicious And Different Styles Of Indian Biryani" 2016). Awadhi biryani- Awadhi biryani is the native style of making biryani in Lucknow. The cooking style in this region is influenced by the Mughal cooking techniques and cooking pattern of Middle East and Central Asia. The cooks of this region introduced the dum style of cooking biryani which involves cooking meat and rice over a slow fire for one hour. The parboiled rice is cooked in water containing cinnamon, nutmeg, cloves and other spices is layered with cooked meat curry and then cooked according to dum style of cooking to make the dish complete ("Ten Delicious And Different Styles Of Indian Biryani" 2016). Malabar Biryani- The Malabar biryani is a distinct South Indian version of biryani cooked in Kerala. It is mostly consumed by muslim community of Malabar region. The specialty of this biryani is selection of a type of rice called Khyma and other key ingredients include chicken and spices like raisin, cloves, cinnamon, tomato, ginger, garlic, tomato, shallot and onions. In this regions also, the dum style is applied for cooking the biryani (Mangalassary 2016, pp. 119-134). Dindigul Biryani- Another specialized version of South Indian biryani came from the town of Dindigul in Tamil Nadu. It has its unique tangy taste due to the addition of curd and lemon juice in the preparation. In some regions, extra flavour is also given by adding a lot of tomatoes in the biryani (Mangalassary 2016, pp. 119-134). Common Ingredients in Biryani and History of Each Ingredients The delicious biryani results after a balance of ingredients and spices are cooked according a specific cooking technique. The most traditional method is the dum pukht style of cooking biryani and the steam works to tenderize the meat and add flavors to the rice. Apart from main ingredient of meat or chickens, a good flavored biryani is dished out after combining it with Indian spices. The list of ingredient differs according to different culture and geographical locations. The common ingredients in almost all biryani include cardamom, cloves, cinnamon, nutmeg and mace to add aromas and other spices for flavors like ginger, garlic, mint leaves, coriander leaves and bay leaves (Pandey 2015). Cardamom is a spice which is used both in sweet and savory dishes and its origin is traced to India, Bhutan, Nepal, Bangladesh and Finland. The cardamom seeds give a strong flavor to the dish and the flavor blends perfectly with ingredients like meats in biryani. The spice also complements well with other spices like ginger, pepper, cinnamon, saffron and cloves. Historical accounts of ancient medicines by Charaka also mentions about the spices. Kerala was the key trader of cardamom spices who sold it to merchants and exported them in foreign markets (Kodali et al. 2015, pp. 1173-1177) The use of cinnamon is traced back to 2000 B.C. when Egyptians used it for embalming. Arab traders also popularized its use and the use of this expensive spice was regarded as a status symbol in Europe. It was also used to preserve meat during winter months. Many traders started exploring the actual sources of the spice and the Portuguese traders claimed they discovered the spice in Ceylon around 1518. While the Cassia cinnamon has a strong flavor, the Ceylon Cinnamon has a mild flavour best for baking cakes (Jansen 2015). The nutmeg is useful for its medicinal properties. It is evident from the writings of Pliny when the spice was used in the 1st century and Indian historical writings recommend it is useful to cure fever and headaches. In the ancient times, the spice was very expensive and not affordable by all, however now it is widely used in Indian cuisine (Queenborough et al. 2013, pp. 67-78). Mace is crimson colored spice giving a delicate flavor to dishes. It is generally added first while cooking too develop its flavor and that is why it is added in the biryani rice while the rice is boiling to give it a flavor. Mace is derived from nutmeg and Roman author Pliny first mentions about the spice by stating it a tree bearing nuts with flavors. Arabs merchants also sold this spices to Constantinople and the spice finally came to India when the British East India Company came to India (Queenborough et al. 2013, pp. 67-78). The clove is the spice native to the Malucca Islands and it was once a treasured possession for the Romans. The Chinese used it to avoid bad breath. The Dutch who found the spice in 1605 wanted to monopoly on clove trade by destroying all trees which sprouted in areas which were not under their rule. This practice was strongly opposed as traditionally the tree was planted on the birth of a child and destroying the tree was regarded as destruction for that child too (Kadir 2014). Authenticity and Debate on Indian Origin of the Dish The historical analysis of the history of origin of biryani reveals that although it is regarded as a culinary dish indigenous to India, however biryani came to India mainly by the Muslim invaders who entered India. Similar kind of dish was also reported to made before the Mughal rule, however it cannot be denied that the Indian biryani is inspired the specific taste and flavour of Persian and Mughal rulers. Influence of Different Culture in the Cooking Styles and Ingredient Used for Biryani From the detailed analysis of the history of origin of biryani in India and the diverse recipes of cooking biryani, one can interpret each regions cooking style and choice of ingredient is dependent on the culture of that region. While Timur brought the dish to India and was inspired by Persian style of cooking, Mumtaz Mahals story revealed that the dish was invented in the quest of providing a balanced meal to feed under-nourished army. The history of meat biryani is also traced to West Asia when a pot full of meat, rice and spices was cooked inside a pit. After the transition of the dish from one place to another, the influence of different culture has led to the evolution of different versions of Biryani (Kumari and Jagbir 2015). Among the vast recipes of Biryani currently available in India, this section discusses few of them to determine the influence of different culture on the dish. The Kashmiri biryani is influenced by the mixture of culture of Kashmiri pundits and the Afghan and the Persian culture. The Kashmiri biryani initially named as Kashmiri Katche Gosht ki Biryani was cooked in Kashmir after Mughal emperors frequently visited the state. Kashmiris add a lot of asfoetida in their Biryani as this ingredient is widely available in Kashmir (Mangalassary 2016, pp. 119-134). The Awadhi Biryani was influenced by Mughal culture as when Mughal rulers ruled in Awadh between 1800 to 1900. This Biryani is most popular in North India due to its efficient blend of all flavors and spices. The use of potatoes especially in Kolkata is also influenced by geographical location and culture and potatoes were added in biryanis as poor people could not afford meat. However, the skinned potatoes in biryani became widely accepted by people and it gave a new flavour to the stock. In the same way, the Hyderabadi biryani was influenced by Nizams and Nawab and their culture reflects in the cooking style of Hyderabadi biryani too (Sinha 2015, pp. 56-70). Conclusion Hence the investigation into tracing the history of meat biryani reveals that ioodzt has been included in Indian cuisine inspired by Mughal and Persian culture. The Mughal rulers and Nawab had understood the nuances and flavour of the dish and ordered their chefs to dish out biryanis in India. Analysis of different recipes of biryani reveal that the cooking style and use of ingredients is highly influenced by local cultures and culinary preference of the local residents in the area. Reference Ahmed, Imtiaz. 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